These opening bids are a result of the variation of the basic concept of the Precision bidding system as devised by Mr. Chung Ching Wei, and which were developed by Mr. Benito Garozzo and Mr. Georgio Belladonna. These opening bids were employed by the italian Blue Team for many victories in international events and for many years.

This revised and updated opening bid structure allowed the partnership to open more frequently owing to the fact that the 1 Diamond opening could show various shapes. The student of the Precision bidding system will notice that in this particular version no opening bid has a multiple meaning. One school of thought is that competition by the opposing side would be limited dramatically and that the interference could be dealt with more accurately.

The basic concept of the Precision bidding system has undergone many revisions and has been restructured many times by different partnerships to suit individual needs.

The first picture presents Mr. Georgio Belladonna. He was born June 7, 1923 and died May 12, 1995. One of the leading bridge personalities of all times on an international scale he was a member of the famous Blue Team of Italy together with Mr. Walter Avarelli and Mr. Benito Garozzo. He was a leading bridge theoretician and a principal co-inventor of the Roman Club bidding system, co-developed the Super Precision bidding system, and has been immortalized in the game of bridge with his introduction of the Belladonna Coup.

The second picture presents Mr. Benito Garozzo. He was born September 5, 1927 in Naples, Italy, and remains one of the leading bridge personalities on a global scale. One of his very first victories at the bridge table occurred at an Italian Championship event in the year 1956, at which he won the Open Cup tournament. Forty-seven years later he won at the same event the Senior Cup in the year 2003.

Opening Bids Only

Bid		Strength		Meaning
1 :		16+ high card points		Shows any shape.
1 :		11-15 high card points		Shows various shapes.
1 :		11-15 high card points		Promises a 5-card plus Heart suit.
1 :		11-15 high card points		Promises a 5-card plus Spade suit.
1 NT:		13-15 high card points		Shows balanced shape.
2 :		11-15 high card points		Promises a 5-card plus Club suit.
2 :		11-15 high card points		Distribution: 4-4-4-1 or 5-4-4-0; Diamond shortage.
2 :		8-10 high card points		Promises 6 Hearts.
2 :		8-10 high card points		Promises 6 Spades.
2NT:		22-23 high card points		Shows balanced shape.

If you wish to include this feature, or any other feature, of the game of bridge in your partnership agreement, then please make certain that the concept is understood by both partners. Be aware whether or not the feature is alertable or not and whether an announcement should or must be made. Check with the governing body and/or the bridge district and/or the bridge unit prior to the game to establish the guidelines applied. Please include the particular feature on your convention card in order that your opponents are also aware of this feature during the bidding process, since this information must be made known to them according to the Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge. We do not always include the procedure regarding Alerts and/or Announcements, since these regulations are changed and revised during time by the governing body. It is our intention only to present the information as concisely and as accurately as possible.